Skip to content
Nurse.ICU

The critical resource for nurses.

Practical, no-fluff guides, free practice questions, and bedside tools — sourced, nurse-reviewed, and grounded in real bedside practice.

Bedside tool

ABG Interpreter

pH, PaCO₂, HCO₃⁻ → the acid-base call with compensation — plus anion gap, albumin correction, and delta ratio when you add electrolytes.

Open the tool

Practice

Try one right now

More practice →
  1. 1

    A patient is being evaluated for mechanical thrombectomy. Which imaging finding best supports the presence of salvageable brain tissue?

    Correct: B

    A favorable thrombectomy profile shows a small infarct core with a large penumbra — the "mismatch" between already-dead tissue and hypoperfused-but-salvageable tissue. That mismatch is what thrombectomy aims to rescue and is central to extended-window selection. A completed large infarct, edema with shift, or an old lacune do not indicate salvageable tissue.

    • A. Edema with midline shift indicates established injury, not a target for reperfusion.
    • B. Correct. Small core + large penumbra = salvageable tissue (favorable mismatch).
    • C. A completed large infarct means the tissue is already lost.
    • D. A chronic lacune is old, non-salvageable tissue.
  2. 2

    Before a patient with acute stroke may take anything by mouth, which nursing assessment is the priority to prevent aspiration?

    Correct: A

    A validated bedside swallow screen must be passed before any oral intake — including oral medications — because dysphagia and aspiration are common and dangerous after stroke. This is a core stroke-certification and Joint Commission quality measure. The gag reflex alone does not reliably predict safe swallowing.

    • A. Correct. A bedside swallow screen before any PO intake prevents aspiration.
    • B. Bowel sounds do not assess swallowing safety.
    • C. The gag reflex alone does not reliably predict safe swallowing.
    • D. Abdominal girth is unrelated to aspiration risk.

Guides & explainers

Latest articles

All articles →
A flat digital floor scale and a cloth measuring tape on a plain pale surface, seen from directly overhead
Outpatient

BMI vs BSA: Two Numbers That Aren't Interchangeable

One is a screening ratio, the other is a dosing surface. They're calculated from the same two measurements and used for completely different things — and the one that matters for chemotherapy is the one people know least about.

Read
An older patient propped up in a hospital bed in the middle of the night, wide awake and staring at nothing, a completely untouched meal tray across their lap, the room dark except for one dim overbed light
Geriatrics

Delirium, Dementia, or Depression: Telling the Three Apart

They present similarly in an older adult and get confused constantly — but only one is a medical emergency. Onset and attention are the two features that separate them, and the quiet version of delirium is the one that gets missed.

Read
A nurse in scrubs standing at a bedside at night looking up sharply at a telemetry monitor above the bed, its screen dark with bright traces running across it including a cardiac rhythm line, the patient below lying with a nasal oxygen cannula and grimacing slightly, the room lit by the glow of the screen
Med-Surg

Early Warning Scores: Catching Deterioration Before the Code

MEWS and its successors turn five ordinary vital signs into a number that flags a patient sliding downhill hours before the arrest. How the score is built, why the respiratory rate carries so much of it, and what to do when the number climbs.

Read
A packed emergency department waiting room seen from the back of the room, every armchair taken, people waiting with their heads down
Emergency

ESI Triage: How the Five Levels Actually Get Assigned

The Emergency Severity Index isn't a severity scale in the way the name suggests. Levels 1 and 2 are about danger; levels 3 to 5 are about resources. Understanding that split is what makes triage decisions fast and defensible.

Read
A clear rigid cylindrical IV drip chamber hanging below the spike of a fluid bag, filled a third of the way with clear fluid, a single drop hanging from the small inner spike in the air gap above the fluid line, close against a plain pale backdrop
Med-Surg

IV Drip Rates: The Two Formulas, and How Not to Panic

Gravity infusions need drops per minute; pumps need millilitres per hour. Two formulas, one thing you have to look up on the tubing packet, and a way of laying the maths out that survives being interrupted.

Read
A person in surgical scrubs and a cap pulling open the drawer of a red emergency cart at speed, close on the drawer and one hand
Periop

Malignant Hyperthermia: The First Five Minutes

The name is actively misleading — by the time there's a fever, you're late. The earliest reliable sign is a rising end-tidal CO2 that won't come down, and the response is dantrolene, fast, by everyone in the room at once.

Read